What is a deduction for Social Security?

A deduction for Social Security is specifically related to FICA, which stands for the Federal Insurance Contributions Act. This act mandates that employers and employees contribute to Social Security and Medicare through payroll taxes. The FICA tax rate is applied to a portion of employees' earnings, which funds Social Security benefits for retirees, disabled individuals, and survivors, as well as Medicare healthcare benefits for seniors.

In contrast, Medicare, though closely associated as it is also funded through FICA, refers specifically to the federal health insurance program for individuals over 65 or with certain disabilities. Health insurance and pension funds are generally provided by employers as part of employee benefits but do not directly relate to the Social Security tax deductions. Thus, FICA is the correct answer since it explicitly encompasses the deductions made for Social Security purposes, ensuring employees' contributions to these essential social welfare programs.