Which software type helps a computer operate efficiently and manage data?

The correct answer focuses on the role of an operating system in a computer's functionality. An operating system (OS) is essential software that manages all hardware and software resources on a computer. It acts as an intermediary between users and the computer hardware, ensuring that various programs can run efficiently without conflicts, and it allows users to interact with the computer through a user interface.

The operating system is responsible for managing system memory, processing tasks, and handling input and output operations. It provides the environment necessary for application software to function effectively, while also organizing and managing data storage. This foundational role makes the operating system critical for the overall performance and efficiency of the computer.

In contrast, utility software serves more specific functions, such as file management and system maintenance, rather than overall management of hardware and software. Application software is designed for end-user tasks, such as word processing or creating spreadsheets, and relies on the operating system to run. Malware protection software is focused primarily on security and protecting the system from harmful programs, not on managing operations or data directly.